Tenses! (Present Tenses)

                                  Tenses

Tenses denote the time of action. They show when the work is done. They are:
(1)Present Tense
(2)Past Tense
(3)Future Tense
They are further divided into:
                                  

                 

 (1)Present Tense









(1)Simple Present- It is used to denote scientific facts, universal truths and work 
done on daily basis.
Example – She writes a letter.
Example – She does not write a letter.
Example – Does she write a letter?
Example – Does she not write a letter?
(2)Present Continuous– It is used to express an action taking place at the time
of speaking.
Example – she is writing a letter.
Example – She is not writing a letter.
Example – Is she writing a letter?
ASSERTIVE RULE --- sub + V1 + s/es + object
NEGATIVE RULE --- sub + does not + v1 + s/es + object
INTERROGATIVE RULE --- Does + sub + v1 + s/es + object
INTERROGATIVE NEGATIVE ASSERTIVE --- Does + sub + not + v1 + s/es + object
=+
ASSERTIVE RULE --- sub + is/am/are + v1 + ing + object
NEGATIVE RULE --- sub + is/am/are + not + v1 + ing + object
INTERROGATIVE RULE --- is/am/are + sub + v1 + ing + object
INTERROGATIVE NEGATIVE RULE --- is/am/are + sub + not + v1 + ing + object
Example – Is she not writing a letter?
(3)Present Perfect– It is used to show an action that started in the past and has
just finished.
Example- She has written a letter.
Example – She has not written a letter.
Example- Has she written a letter?
Example– Has she not written a letter?
(4)Present Perfect Continuous– This tense shows the action which started in
the past and is still continuing.
Example – She has been writing a letter.
Example– She has not been writing a letter.
Example – Has she been writing a letter?
Example – Has she not been writing a letter?
ASSERTIVE RULE --- sub + has/have + v3 + object
NEGATIVE RULE --- sub + has/have + not + v3 + object
INTERROGATIVE RULE --- has/have + sub + v3 + object
INTERROGATIVE NEGATIVE RULE ---has/have + sub + not + v3 + object
ASSERTIVE RULE --- sub + has/have + been + v1 + ing + object
NEGATIVE RULE --- sub + has/have + not been + v1 + ing + object
INTERROGATIVE RULE ---has/have + sub + been + v1 + ing + object
INTERROGATIVE NEGATIVE RULE --- has/have + she + not + been + v1 + ing + object



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